Claus van haagen



(No Model.)

C. VAN HAAG-EN.

DIE POR FORGING DRILLS 0R REAMBRS.

Patented Oct. '7, 1890.

WHnQsses:

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLAUS VAN IIAAGEN, OF CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CHESTER TYVIST DRILL AND TOOL COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

DIEl FORV FORGING DRILLS OR REAMERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 437,842, dated October 7, 1890. Application filed June 24, 1890. Serial No. 356,536. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CLAUS VAN I'IAAGEN, of Chester, county of Delaware, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Dies for Forging Drills or Reamers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to dies for forging drills and reamers; and it consists of certain improvements, all of which are fully set forth in the following specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.

In my application, Serial No. 335,334, filed December 30, 1889, I have described certain improvements in the construction of drills and reamers, wherein the clearance as well as the grooves were forged upon the drill or reamer simultaneously in the process of its manufacture.

My present application is for the special dies adapted to perform this work.

In Letters Patent No. 296,254, dated April l, 1884, granted to me,is describeda construction of machine employing dies for forging the grooves in twist drills and reamers. In said patent two hammer-dies were employed in conjunction with two gripping-dies, the function of which latter was to hold the'rod or bar at the instant of the hammering action of the hammer-dies. In that patent no clearance was forged upon the drill, and the outer surface of the rod, other than that acted upon by the hammers, was not treated to a forging action. n

In my present improvement the grippingdies are converted into forging-dies having certain pecularities in their internal surfaces adapted to properly forge and shape the outer circumference of the drill or reamer simultaneously with the formation of the grooves which are found in twist drills and reamers.

In the operation of my invention for the manufacture of drills and reamers I subject the rod to such a forging action in all directions that I not only forge the grooves, spiral or otherwise, but also shape the exterior and the cylindrical part of the drill or reamer, giving it such a shape that the clearance 1s automatically formed thereon during the process of forging, necessitating simply the grinding of the small portion adjacent to the cutting-edge.

By the use of myim proved dies I produce a distinctive article of manufacture, which distinctiveness consists in a drill or reamer formed entirely of refined hammered steel, and in which the outer surface is simultaneously forged with the-grooves, producinga. very homogeneous structure of metal, and one which is finished in the black, with the exception of the small portion adjacent to the cutting-edge,which is subsequently ground for producing absolute accuracy in the diameter of the drill.

It will be observed that a drill or reamer manufactured by the use of the dies set out in this specification will have its entire surface formed of hammered steel in the black, except the small portion adjacent to the cutting-edge, which portion is ground to an absolutely-accurate gage to make the drill or reamer perfectly true and also give the necessary cutting-edge, and, furthermore, it will be observed that every portion of the drill or reamer is produced by a forging operation and will consist of refined steel, thereby imparting the greatest possible strength and durability to the tool under operation in use. It will also be observed that by the forging ac tion which is employed in forming the spiral or straight grooves the central portion of the drill throughout its entire length will be well refined and forged into a condition which is adapted to withstand the excessive wearing tendency which is put upon this portion of the drill, thus overcoming the great objection found in many drills-to wit, rapidly wearing away and dulling of the eXtreme point of the drill.

In practice drills made by these dies are 9o found most durable and exceedingly long lived, and bythe process of manufacture they are perfectly true.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of a drill made upon my improved 95 dies. Fig. 2 is a reamer formed thereby with a straight groove. Fig. 3 is drill similar to Fig. 1, with the exception that the grooves are straight instead of spiral. Figfi is a cross-section, through my improved dies, taken on line oc :c of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the lower die and hammerdies. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on line z z of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is al perspective view illustrating the relative relation of the various dies; and Fig. 9 is a cross-section similar to Fig. 4, showing a modified internal structure' of the gripping -as to conform to the outward shape of the drill or reamer, and consequently they will be slightly varied according as to the pitch of the spiral or whether a spiral or straight groove is employed.

H H are the two gripping orforging dies,

. and are formed of two blocks of steel shaped in any suitable manner to be received in the forging machine, and are provided, when taken together, with a transverse hole or aperture and two transverseslots or holes g, arranged at right angles to the transverse hole. The bar or rod of steel from which the drill or reamer is to be forged passes through the transverse aperture or hole, while the hammer-dies G pass through the apertures or slots Y g, so as to act upon the rod of steel on diametrically-opposite sides and at the same instant that it is subjected to pressure between the dies H H. The hammer-dies G G are reciprocated rapidly toward each other, and likewise the gripping or forging dies H H are reciprocated toward and from each other and at right angles to the dies G G, or they may have a relative reciprocation, which will be obtained by holding one of the dies and reciprocating the other with reference to it. While this action can take place with the dies H H, it cannot take place with the dies G G, since the latter must sink considerably into the metal upon diametrically-opposite sides to an equal extent. This reciprocation may be performed by any suitable machinery, that shown in my patent before referred to being excellently adapted to the purpose. The action of the dies H H is to produce the cutting-edge C and the clearance B upon the outer surface of the drill or reamer, and the action of the dies G G is to form the spiral or straight grooves on the drill or reamer. The

action of the dies H H. is dualthat is to say,

treme cutting-edges of greater. radius than the radius of the clearance portions B, though this is not absolutely necessary, as will be seen by an examination of Fig. 9, wherein the clearance portion B is made of gradually-decreasing radius. By the action of the dies G Gthe center part of the drill or reamer is exceedingly well refined, imparting to the metal the most durable and homogeneous character. The outer surface of the parts Band C of the drill or reamer are likewise well refined by the action of the dies H H, since they notonly grip the metal, but actually forge it into the desired shape. The rod is fed through the center dies G and H at the same time, and in the case of the twist-drill or twist-reamer rotated with a motion corresponding to the'spiral shown in Figs. l and 2. After the drill is forged in the manner described, the parts C adjacent to the cutting-edge may be ground, so as to not only impart a sharp cutting-edge, but also toY enable the drill to be made absolutely true. The dies H should be made short, so as not to materially disturb the metal after it leaves the dies G G. The interior portions of the dies H, which forge the clearance portions, are indicated by h, while those portions which forge the raised portion C adjacent to'the cutting-edge are indicated by portions h', a shoulderI being formed between them, which corresponds to the shoulder between the parts B and C of the drill or reamer. A s shown in Fig. 5, this formation of the die H begins about the middle of one end of the die and terminates to one side of theY other end of it. The same is true of the upper die, only that the formation is just the reverse, and the angle or pitch of the shoulder I corresponds exactly with the angle or pitch which is given to the shoulder between the parts B and C of the drill or reamer.

In practice the solid rod is passed between the dies H H, and by one single passage the drill or reamer is completely forged. Consequently the portion of the dies H H adjacent to IOC IIO

the feeding mechanism would be solidly filled Y with metal, whereas the opposite or discharging end would be filled with a grooved drill or reamer. The main action of the dies H H is exerted between the end adjacent to the advancing rod and that portion occupied bythe hammer-dies G G. In the case of the straight groove E the shoulder I would be a straight line parallel with the groove or aperture extending through the dies, and through which the rod passes. The hammer-dies are formed with flattened ends, the extreme points of which are rounded and formed with slightlydepressed ends E. The angle of endsof the hammer-dies G is best shown inv Figs. 5 and 8, wherein it will be seen that the ends of these hammer-dies correspond exactly to the relative angle of the two grooves E upon opposite sides of the drill. The slots or apertures g for the ends of these hammer-dies G are formed partly in each of the gripping or forging dies H, and said apertures are snugly IIS filled by the hammer-dies when the two dies H are brought together in their normal position.

It is quite evident that when the clearance of the drill is to be made by the construction shown in Fig. 9 the shoulder I will be substantially indistinguishable, and the two parts h and h in the dies H H will run gradually together.

The various dies may be made of chilled iron or steel.

I do not limit myself to the minor details, as they may be modified without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having now1 described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isn

1. Dies for forging drills and rearners, consisting of the combination of'two gripping and forging dies, which when brought together form an aperture for receiving the drill-rod, and in which the opposing surfaces of said dies are each formed with two parts, one of which is adapted to forge the portions of the drill adjacent to the cutting-edge and the other of which is adapted to forge the clearance on the drill to the rear of the cuttingedge.

2. Dies for forging drills and rearners, consisting of the combination of two gripping and forging dies, which when brought together forrn an aperture for receiving the drill-rod, and in which the opposing surfaces of said dies are each formed with two parts, one of which is adapted to forge the portions of the drill adjacent to the cutting-edge and the other of which is adapted to forge the clearance on the drill to the rear of the cuttingedge, and two reciprocating hammer-dies having their ends shaped to correspond to the grooves in the drill or reamer being forged, the said hammer-dies projecting through the gripping or forging dies substantially on the line of their separation.

3. In dies for forging twist drills or rearners, the combination of two gripping or forging dies adapted to be moved relatively toward and from each other, andin which each of said dies is formed of a substantially cylindrical recessed portion having internal curved surfaces 7t and h', separated by a curved line or shoulder I, in which the part 71 corresponds to the clearance portion of the drill and the part h to the raised portion adjacent to the cutting-edge of the drill.

4. In dies for forging twist drills or realners, the combination of two gripping or forging dies adapted to be moved relatively toward and from each other, and in which each of said dies is formed of a cylindrical recessed portion having internal curved surfaces h and h', separated by a curved line or shoulder I, in which the part h corresponds to the clearance portion of the drill and the part h to the raised portion adjacent to the cutting-edge of the drill, and two oppositely-reciprocating hammer-dies made with attened ends, arranged at an angle to each other, so as to correspond to the angle of the spiral grooves formed in the drill or rearner.

5. A hammer-die for forging drills or reaniers, having a flattened end or nose portion the eXtreme end of which is rounded and formed with a depressed portion G', corresponding to the curve on the innerpart of the spiral groove of a twist drill or reamer.

6. In dies for forging drills and reaniers with forged clearances, the combination of two gripping and forging dies for the outer' surfaces of the drill or reaincr and two hainmer-dies for the grooves of the drill or reamer, in which the internal opposing surfaces of the gripping or forging dies correspond in shape to the shape of the exterior surface of the drill or rea-mer, and in which the adjacent ends of the hammer-dies correspond to the shape of the grooves of the drill or reamer, substantially as described.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand.

CLAUS VAN HAAGEN. iVitnesses:

ERNEST HOWARD HUNTER, MAURICE H. HOLMES. 

